신생아 중환자실의 병원감염과 감염관리

Abstract

Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) is one of the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). An understanding of the pathogenesis and clinical features of common diseases which are developing in the NICU including catheter-associated bloodstream infection, ventilator-associated pneumonia and systemic candidiasis is essential to prevent and control infections. Introduction of early enteral feeding with breast milk to the prematurity may help to reduce HA1 in the NICU, but other strategies such as fluconazole prophylaxis, immunomodulation and use of probiotics are still debatable for routine recommendation. The general policy of infection control including hand washing and aseptic techniques must be observed in the NICU. Survellance and regular review of HA1 is useful in managing outbreak. A continuous educational program on hand washing and feedback system may improve the compliance among healthcare workers in the NICU.