Statin Treatment in Patients With Stroke With Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels Below 70 mg/dL

Abstract

Background: It is unclear whether statin treatment could reduce the risk of early vascular events when baseline low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels are already low, at <70 mg/dL, at the time of the index stroke.

Methods and Results: This study was an analysis of a prospective, multicenter, nationwide registry of consecutive patients with first‐ever acute ischemic stroke with baseline low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels <70 mg/dL and without statin pretreatment. An inverse probabilities of treatment weights method was applied to control for imbalances in baseline characteristics. The primary outcome was a composite of stroke (either hemorrhagic or ischemic), myocardial infarction, and all‐cause death within 3 months. A total of 2850 patients (age, 69.5±13.4 years; men, 63.5%) were analyzed for this study. In‐hospital statin treatment was used for 74.2% of patients. The primary composite outcome within 3 months occurred in 21.5% of patients in the nonstatin group and 6.7% of patients in the statin group (P<0.001), but the rates of stroke (2.65% versus 2.33%), hemorrhagic stroke (0.16% versus 0.10%), and myocardial infarction (0.73% versus 0.19%) were not significantly different between the 2 groups. After inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, the primary composite outcome was significantly reduced in patients with statin therapy (weighted hazard ratio [HR], 0.54 [95% CI, 0.42–0.69]). However, statin treatment did not increase the risk of hemorrhagic stroke (weighted HR, 1.11 [95% CI, 0.10–12.28]).

Conclusions: Approximately three‐quarters of the patients with first‐ever ischemic stroke with baseline low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels <70 mg/dL received in‐hospital statin treatment. Statin treatment, compared with no statin treatment, was significantly associated with a reduced risk of the 3‐month primary composite outcomes and all‐cause death but did not alter the rate of stroke recurrence.