Renal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Severe Hydronephrosis

Abstract

Renal squamous cell carcinoma (RSCC) is a rare tumor. We present a case of incidentally diagnosed RSCC with severe hydronephrosis. A 57-year-old female admitted with right frank pain for 2 months. She had staghorn calculi in right renal pelvis and major calyx for 20 years. Long-standing nephrolithiasis with chronic inflammation causes squamous metaplasia, which may develop to squamous cell carcinoma. Here we present the typical renal squamous cell carcinoma case with severe hydronephrosis, arising in long-standing nephrolithiasis.