Fatal anaphylactic reactions to protamine sulfate during cardiac surgery are very rare. We report a case of catastrophic bronchial spasm due to an anaphylactic reaction to protamine. The patient was managed successfully using a bronchodilator, steroid treatment, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
Jae-Bum Kim et al. (2016). Catastrophic bronchial spasm due to a severe anaphylactic reaction to protamine. Korean Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, 49(6), 472–474. doi: 10.5090/kjtcs.2016.49.6.472