Serial changes in the proliferation and differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells after ionizing radiation
- Author(s)
- Woonhyeok Jeong; Xiao Yang; Jeongmi Lee; Youngwook Ryoo; Jinhee Kim; Youngkee Oh; Sunyoung Kwon; Dalie Liu; Daegu Son
- Keimyung Author(s)
- Oh, Young Kee; Kim, Jin Hee; Son, Dae Gu; Kwon, Sun Young; Ryoo, Young Wook
- Department
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology (방사선종양학)
Institute for Medical Science (의과학연구소)
Dept. of Pathology (병리학)
Dept. of Plastic Surgery (성형외과학)
Dept. of Dermatology (피부과학)
- Journal Title
- Stem cell research & therapy
- Issued Date
- 2016
- Volume
- 7
- Keyword
- Mesenchymal stromal cells; Radiation; Senescence; Cell differentiation; Cell proliferation; Swine
- Abstract
- Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are important to homeostasis and the regeneration of
subcutaneous fat. Hence, we examined the proliferation and differentiation capacity of irradiated ASCs over time.
Methods: Two female pigs received a single 18 Gy dose of ionizing radiation to an 18 × 8 cm area on the dorsal
body skin via a 6 MeV electron beam. After irradiation, the ASCs were cultured from adipose tissue harvested from
a non-irradiated area and an irradiated area at 2, 4, and 6 weeks. The proliferation capacity of ASCs was evaluated
by a colony-forming units–fibroblasts (CFUs-Fs) assay, a cholecystokinin (CCK) test with 10 % fetal bovine serum
(FBS), and a 1 % FBS culture test. The senescence of ASCs was evaluated through morphological examination,
immunophenotyping, and β-galactosidase activity, and the multipotent differentiation potential of ASCs was
evaluated in adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation media.
Results: Irradiated ASCs demonstrated significantly decreased proliferative capacity 6 weeks after irradiation. As
well, the cells underwent senescence, which was confirmed by blunted morphology, weak mesenchymal cell
surface marker expression, and elevated β-galactosidase activity. Irradiated ASCs also exhibited significant losses in
the capacity for adipocyte and chondrocyte differentiation. In contrast, osteogenic differentiation was preserved in
irradiated ASCs.
Conclusions: We observed decreased proliferation and senescence of irradiated ASCs compared to non-irradiated
ASCs 6 weeks after irradiation. Furthermore, irradiated ASCs demonstrated impaired adipocyte and chondrocyte
differentiation but retained their osteogenic differentiation capacity. Our results could shed light on additional
pathogenic effects of late irradiation, including subcutaneous fibrosis and calcinosis.
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