White matter hyperintensities on brain magnetic resonance imaging: comparison of early-onset and late-onset restless legs syndrome
- Author(s)
- Yong Won Cho; Keun Tae Kim; HyukWon Chang; Jeonghun Ku; Hochang B. Lee; Yeong Seon Lee; Hye-Jin Moon
- Keimyung Author(s)
- Chang, Hyuk Won; Ku, Jeong Hun; Cho, Yong Won; Kim, Keun Tae
- Department
- Dept. of Radiology (영상의학)
Dept. of Neurology (신경과학)
Dept. of Biomedical Engineering (의용공학과)
- Journal Title
- Sleep Medicine
- Issued Date
- 2016
- Volume
- 25
- Keyword
- Restless legs syndrome; White matter hyperintensity; Cerebrovascular ischemic change
- Abstract
- Objective: Previous studies have suggested that early-onset RLS (EOR) and late-onset RLS (LOR) might
have different etiopathophysiologies. Few previous studies have examined accumulation of cerebrovascular
ischemic changes as a potential cause of LOR.
Methods: We recruited 39 RLS subjects (LOR: defined as age of RLS onset ≥45, n = 18 and EOR: age of
onset <45; n = 21); and 39 healthy control subjects matched on age and sex. Structural magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) of the brain was performed for each subject, and images were graded for severity
of periventricular white matter hyperintensities (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintensities (DWMH)
independently by trained raters according to standardized methods.
Results: Interrater reliabilities were 0.861 (p < 0.001) for PVH and 0.900 (p < 0.001) for DWMH. LOR subjects
had a significantly higher grade of DWMH than the EOR subjects (p = 0.043) and age- and sexmatched
controls (p = 0.015). In contrast, there was no difference in DWMH severity rating between the
EOR group and the EC group or in PVH severity between the LOR or EOR groups and their age-matched
controls.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the presence and severity of DWMH is associated with LOR, but
not with EOR. Further examination of the contribution of cerebrovascular disease to the etiopathogenesis
of LOR is warranted.
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