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Reduction of propofol injection pain by utilizing the gate control theory

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Author(s)
Sae Young KimDong Wook JeongMin-Woo JungJin Mo Kim
Keimyung Author(s)
Kim, Sae YoungKim, Jin Mo
Department
Dept. of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine (마취통증의학)
Journal Title
Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
Issued Date
2011
Volume
61
Issue
4
Abstract
Background: Propofol is the most commonly using intravenous hypnotic for the induction and maintenance of
general anesthesia. However, pain on propofol injection is a well known adverse event. Currently, acute and chronic
pain can be controlled by utilizing the “gate control" theory.
Methods: Patients were randomized to receive lidocaine (0.5 mg/kg; Group L), touch on IV injection site (Group
T), combination lidocaine (0.5 mg/kg) and touch on IV injection site (Group B), or normal saline (Group S) with
venous occlusion for 1 minute, followed by administration of propofol (0.5 mg/kg) into the largest dorsal vein of the
hand. Immediately after administering propofol, an investigator blinded to the group assignments asked the patient
about pain at the injection site and assessed pain intensity using a 4-point verbal rating scale (0 = none, 1 = mild, 2 =
moderate, 3 = severe).
Results: A significant decrease in the incidence of pain on propofol injection was achieved in group L (37%) and
group B (23%) compared to either group T (80%) and group S (83%) (P < 0.001). But, the incidence of moderate and
severe pain was significantly lower in group L (7%), group T (20%) and group B (0%) when compared to group S (53%)
(P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Light touch and rubbing reduced pain, although while, they did not reduce the incidence of pain, they
reduced the intensity of pain. This method might be considered as an alternative to other treatments but may be
contraindicated for use with other drugs. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2011; 61: 288-291)
Key Words: Lidocaine, Pain, Propofol, Touch.
Keimyung Author(s)(Kor)
김세영
김진모
Publisher
School of Medicine
Citation
Sae Young Kim et al. (2011). Reduction of propofol injection pain by utilizing the gate control theory. Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 61(4), 288–291. doi: 10.4097/kjae.2011.61.4.288
Type
Article
ISSN
2005-6419
DOI
10.4097/kjae.2011.61.4.288
URI
https://kumel.medlib.dsmc.or.kr/handle/2015.oak/34964
Appears in Collections:
1. School of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine (마취통증의학)
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