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In vivo evaluation and comparison of developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of perfluoroalkyl compounds using Xenopus embryos

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Author(s)
Miran KimJungeun SonMi Seon ParkYurim JiSoomin ChaeChangduk JunJong-Sup BaeTaek Kyu KwonYun-Sik ChooHosung YoonDuhak YoonJaewoong RyooSang-Hyun KimMae-Ja ParkHyun-Shik Lee
Keimyung Author(s)
Kwon, Taeg Kyu
Department
Dept. of Immunology (면역학)
Journal Title
Chemosphere
Issued Date
2013
Volume
93
Issue
6
Abstract
Perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) are environmental toxicants that persistently accumulate in human blood. Their widespread detection and accumulation in the environment raise concerns about whether these chemicals might be developmental toxicants and teratogens in ecosystem. We evaluated and compared the toxicity of PFCs of containing various numbers of carbon atoms (C8–11 carbons) on vertebrate embryogenesis. We assessed the developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of various PFCs. The toxic effects on Xenopus embryos were evaluated using different methods. We measured teratogenic indices (TIs), and investigated the mechanisms underlying developmental toxicity and teratogenicity by measuring the expression of organ-specific biomarkers such as xPTB (liver), Nkx2.5 (heart), and Cyl18 (intestine). All PFCs that we tested were found to be developmental toxicants and teratogens. Their toxic effects were strengthened with increasing length of the fluorinated carbon chain. Furthermore, we produced evidence showing that perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFuDA) are more potent developmental toxicants and teratogens in an animal model compared to the other PFCs we evaluated [perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)]. In particular, severe defects resulting from PFDA and PFuDA exposure were observed in the liver and heart, respectively, using whole mount in situ hybridization, real-time PCR, pathologic analysis of the heart, and dissection of the liver. Our studies suggest that most PFCs are developmental toxicants and teratogens, however, compounds that have higher numbers of carbons (i.e., PFDA and PFuDA) exert more potent effects.

Keywords
Perfluoroalkyl compounds;
Comparative toxicology;
Developmental toxicity;
Teratogenecity;
Xenopus
Keimyung Author(s)(Kor)
권택규
Publisher
School of Medicine
Citation
Miran Kim et al. (2013). In vivo evaluation and comparison of developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of perfluoroalkyl compounds using Xenopus embryos. Chemosphere, 93(6), 1153–1160. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.053
Type
Article
ISSN
0045-6535
Source
https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0045-6535(13)00909-0
DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.053
URI
https://kumel.medlib.dsmc.or.kr/handle/2015.oak/35398
Appears in Collections:
1. School of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Immunology (면역학)
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