중년기 여성의 위기감과 자아 정체감과의 관계

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to identify the factors related to crisis and ego-identity of middle-aged women and to test the relationship between crisis and ego-identity. The study subjects included 558 married woman of 45~49 years old who resided in Kyungju, Pohang, and Daegu cities. Personal interview was conducted from August 1, to August 30, 1999. The instruments used in this study were the Scale of Crisis which was developed by Farrell and Rosenberg(1981), Linn and Linn(1984), Radloff(1977) and modified by Kim(1988) and Scale of Ego-Identity which was developed by Dignan(I965), Sua(1975), Park(1996) and modified by Lee(1997). The mean score of crisis scale(3.09±0.58) was significantly associated with age (p=0.004), religion(p=0.041), educational background(p=0.000), length of marriage(p=0.015), job(p=0.000), possession of house(p=0.003), housing pattern(p=0.000), health condition(p=0.000), menstrual condition(P=0.001I), and satisfaction on married life(p=0.000). The mean score of ego-identity(3.27±0.49) was significantly associated with age(p=0.006), religion(p=0.000), educational background(p=0.003), job(P=0.000), possession of house(p=0.005), housing pattern(P=0.000), health condition(P=0.011), menstrual condition(P=0.031), and satisfaction on married life(P=0.000). The crisis and ego-identity showed a negative-correlation(r=-0.523, p=0.000). In mutiple regression analysis ego-identity explained 30.4% of the variance of crisis and 39.7% of the variance together with satisfaction on married life, job, health condition, and housing pattern. These findings suggest that physical and mental health and soda! conditions affect the crisis and ego-identity of middle-aged women. It is required to develop a nursing intervention program to relieve crisis and improve ego-identity of middle-aged women. Further study is recommanded to determine the time when middle-aged women feel crisis, kind of such a feeling, and how to relive crisis.