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Persistent Nystagmus in Chronic Phase of Lateral Medullary Infarction

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Author(s)
Tae-Kyeong LeeJi-Yun ParkHyunAh KimKwang-Dong ChoiJi-Soo KimKi-Bum Sung
Keimyung Author(s)
Kim, Hyun Ah
Department
Dept. of Neurology (신경과학)
Journal Title
Journal of Clinical Neurology
Issued Date
2020
Volume
16
Issue
2
Keyword
nystagmuslateral medullary syndromevestibulo-ocular reflexdizziness
Abstract
Background and Purpose:
We aimed to determine the patterns and mechanisms of persistent nystagmus (PN) lasting >1 year in lateral medullary infarction (LMI).

Methods:
We recruited 13 patients with PN due to LMI and another 13 with transient nystagmus (TN) (<1 year) as control. All patients underwent oculography, rotatory chair test, caloric test, bedside head impulse test, dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), and brain MRI.

Results:
All patients had spontaneous, contralesional, horizontal-torsional nystagmus during the acute phase. Although two patients exhibited consistent contralesional torsional nystagmus, most patients (11/13, 85%) with PN evolved from the initial contralesional to ipsilesional nystagmus. During horizontal gaze, the patterns of ipsilesional PN were diverse; torsional (n=5), torsional-downbeat (n=2), horizontal (n=2), and horizontal nystagmus while looking at the lesion side, and torsional nystagmus while looking at the opposite side (n=2). During rotatory chair test, the gains of the vestibulo-ocular reflex in the PN group were lower than those in the TN group to the lesion side at 0.02 and 0.64 Hz. The caudal and ventrolateral parts of the vestibular nuclei were mostly involved in patients with PN. The DHI score did not differ between the groups.

Conclusions:
PN patterns frequently change in LMI. Resultant vestibular asymmetry after vestibular afferents or cerebellar inhibitory pathway damage and/or inappropriate vestibular compensation may be responsible for PN in LMI. Impairment of the horizontal or vertical neural integrators may be another cause. The presence of PN does not necessarily indicate more severe dizziness in LMI.
Alternative Title
Persistent Nystagmus in Chronic Phase of Lateral Medullary Infarction
Keimyung Author(s)(Kor)
김현아
Publisher
School of Medicine (의과대학)
Citation
Tae-Kyeong Lee et al. (2020). Persistent Nystagmus in Chronic Phase of Lateral Medullary Infarction. Journal of Clinical Neurology, 16(2), 285–291. doi: 10.3988/jcn.2020.16.2.285
Type
Article
ISSN
2005-5013
Source
https://www.thejcn.com/DOIx.php?id=10.3988/jcn.2020.16.2.285
DOI
10.3988/jcn.2020.16.2.285
URI
https://kumel.medlib.dsmc.or.kr/handle/2015.oak/42678
Appears in Collections:
1. School of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Neurology (신경과학)
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