The HLA-B*13:01 and the dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome in Korean and Asian populations: genotype- and meta-analyses

Abstract

Background: The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*13: 01 was reported as an important risk factor for dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS) in Chinese and Thai populations.

Research design and methods: From the Korean nationwide registry, seven subjects with previous DHS were included. Their HLA allele/phenotype frequencies were compared with 8 dapsone-tolerant subjects recruited from a single institution, and general population (n = 485) in Korea. The authors also performed a meta-analysis with these data using previous Chinese and Thai studies.

Results: Among the seven DHS subjects, 85.7% presented with the HLA-B*13: 01 allele. The HLA-C*03: 04, HLA-DRB1*12: 02 (both in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-B*13: 01), and HLA-A*02: 01 alleles were also presented in 85.7%, 71.4%, and 71.4%, respectively. Subjects with HLA-B*13: 01 were susceptible to developing DHS compared to dapsone-tolerant controls (odds ratio [OR]: 73.667) and the Korean general population (OR: 139.500). HLA-C*03: 04 (OR: 40.935), HLA-DRB*12: 02 (OR: 36.613), and HLA-A*02: 01 (OR: 5.862) showed similar results. In meta-analysis, HLA-B*13: 01 was associated with dapsone-induced hypersensitivity (overall OR: 42.692), and subgroup analyses according to the control types demonstrated similar results (OR: 43.694 and 41.866, respectively).

Conclusions: Similar to previous Asian population studies, HLA-B*13: 01 is significantly associated with the risk of DHS in Korea. These associations may be useful for preventing DHS and improving drug safety.