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The Effects of Virtual Reality Treatment on Prefrontal Cortex Activity in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder: Participatory and Interactive Virtual Reality Treatment Study

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Author(s)
Hojun LeeJongKwan ChoiDooyoung JungJi-Won HurChul-Hyun Cho
Keimyung Author(s)
Lee, Ho Jun
Department
Dept. of Psychiatry (정신건강의학)
Journal Title
J Med Internet Res
Issued Date
2021
Volume
23
Issue
12
Keyword
anxietysocial anxiety disordervirtual realityfNIRSbrain activityprefrontal cortexeffectiveness
Abstract
Background:
Attempts to use virtual reality (VR) as a treatment for various psychiatric disorders have been made recently, and many researchers have identified the effects of VR in psychiatric disorders. Studies have reported that VR therapy is effective in social anxiety disorder (SAD). However, there is no prior study on the neural correlates of VR therapy in patients with SAD.

Objective:
The aim of this study is to find the neural correlates of VR therapy by evaluating the treatment effectiveness of VR in patients with SAD using portable functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Methods:
Patients with SAD (n=28) were provided with 6 sessions of VR treatment that was developed for exposure to social situations with a recording system of each participant's self-introduction in VR. After each VR treatment session, the first-person view (video 1) and third-person view (video 2) clips of the participant's self-introduction were automatically generated. The functional activities of prefrontal regions were measured by fNIRS while watching videos 1 and 2 with a cognitive task, before and after whole VR treatment sessions, and after the first session of VR treatment. We compared the data of fNIRS between patients with SAD and healthy controls (HCs; n=27).

Results:
We found that reduction in activities of the right frontopolar prefrontal cortex (FPPFC) in HCs was greater than in the SAD group at baseline (t=–2.01, P=.049). Comparing the frontal cortex activation before and after VR treatment sessions in the SAD group showed significant differences in activities of the FPPFC (right: t=–2.93, P<.001; left: t=–2.25, P=.03) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) (right: t=–2.10, P=.045; left: t=–2.21, P=.04) while watching video 2.

Conclusions:
Activities of the FPPFC and OFC were associated with symptom reduction after VR treatment for SAD. Our study findings might provide a clue to understanding the mechanisms underlying VR treatment for SAD.
Keimyung Author(s)(Kor)
이호준
Publisher
School of Medicine (의과대학)
Citation
Hojun Lee et al. (2021). The Effects of Virtual Reality Treatment on Prefrontal Cortex Activity in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder: Participatory and Interactive Virtual Reality Treatment Study. J Med Internet Res, 23(12), e31844. doi: 10.2196/31844
Type
Article
ISSN
1438-8871
Source
https://www.jmir.org/2021/12/e31844/
DOI
10.2196/31844
URI
https://kumel.medlib.dsmc.or.kr/handle/2015.oak/44133
Appears in Collections:
1. School of Medicine (의과대학) > Dept. of Psychiatry (정신건강의학)
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