Nanofiber Graft Therapy to Prevent Shoulder Stiffness and Adhesions after Rotator Cuff Tendon Repair: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Stiffness and adhesions following rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are common complications that negatively affect surgical outcomes and impede healing, thereby increasing the risk of morbidity and failure of surgical interventions. Tissue engineering, particularly through the use of nanofiber scaffolds, has emerged as a promising regenerative medicine strategy to address these complications. This review critically assesses the efficacy and limitations of nanofiber-based methods in promoting rotator cuff (RC) regeneration and managing postrepair stiffness and adhesions. It also discusses the need for a multidisciplinary approach to advance this field and highlights important considerations for future clinical trials.