신규간호사 프리셉터의 역할 인식 유형 : Q 방법론적 접근

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types of role perception of preceptors for new nurses.

Methods: For this study the Q methodology was applied in which 36 Q samples were selected out of 210 Q population extracted from literatures and in-depth clinical interviews with preceptors, new nurses and nursing managers. P samples consisted of 30 nurses having experience as preceptors for new nurses. The Q samples were classified into a normal distribution frame measured with a nine-point scale. Data were analyzed using PQ Method program.

Results: Four types of role perception were identified: (1) cleaning up regarding work, (2) guardians of clinical adaption, (3) on-the job educator, and (4) role model as a nurse. The 'cleaning up regarding work' type was most frequently used by the participants.

Conclusion: The results showed that the preceptors felt strong responsibility in helping their preceptees to adapt successfully to a new job. The preception was reflected in four types of role perception. The negative role preception results in a great burden to preceptors. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a support system for preceptors to reduce negative role perception through the connection of preceptees appropriate to the role perception type of preceptors.