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직장암 환자의 저위전방절제증후군 정도가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향 :불안, 우울, 자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로

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Author(s)
고은지
Issued Date
2024-02
Abstract
본 연구의 목적은 직장암 환자의 저위전방절제증후군 정도가 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 저위전방절제증후군과 삶의 질 간의 관계에서 불안, 우울, 자기효능감의 매개효과를 검증하고자 한다. 방법 : D 광역시 소재 2개 대학병원에서 저위전방절제술을 시행한 144명의 환자를 대상으로 SPSS/WIN 28.0버전 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, 3단계 매개회귀분석을 실시하였고, 매개효과의 유의성 검증하기 위해 Sobel test를 실시하였다. 결과 : 직장암 환자의 저위전방절제증후군은 비 저위전방절제증후군 평균 10.02점(29.2%), 경증 저위전방절제증후군 평균 25.96점(18.7%), 중증 저위전방절제증후군 평균 36.61점(52.1%)로 나타났다. 저위전방절제증후군은 연령(F=3.38 p=.026), 수술 전 항암화학요법 또는 방사선요법(t=2.10 p=.038), 일시적 회장루 보유(t=2.52 p=.013), 항문연으로부터 종양위치(AV)(F=3.49 p=.017)가 유의한 차이가 있었다. 저위전방절제증후군은 불안(r=.252 p=.002), 전반적인 삶의 질(r=-.528 p<.001), 기능척도 삶의 질(r=-.780 p<.001)과 음의 상관관계, 증상척도 삶의 질(r=.638 p<.001)과는 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 저위전방절제증후군과 전반적인 삶의 질 간의 관계에서 불안(Z=-2.813 p=.004), 우울(Z=-2.640 p=.008), 자기효능감(Z=-2.512 p=.012)은 완전매개 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 저위전방절제증후군과 기능척도 삶의 질 간의 관계에서도 불안(Z=-3.050 p=.002), 우울(Z=-2.760 p=.006), 자기효능감(Z=-2.411 p=.016)은 완전매개 하는 것으로 나타났다. 저위전방절제증후군과 증상척도 삶의 질 간의 관계에서 불안(Z=2.951 p=.003), 우울(Z=2.723 p=.006), 자기효능감(Z=2.385 p=.017)은 부분매개 하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과에서 불안, 우울, 자기효능감은 저위전방절제증후군과 전반적인 삶의 질과 기능척도 삶의 질 관계에서 완전매개효과를 나타내므로 임상에서 환자들의 저위전방절제증후군 감소 중재가 효과를 가져오기 어려운 점을 고려할 때, 환자들의 전반적 삶의 질과 기능적 삶의 질은 향상시키기 위한 전략으로 불안, 우울을 감소시키고, 자기효능감을 향상시키는 집중적인 중재를 제공하는 것이 매우 효과적일 수 있다. 또한 불안, 우울, 자기효능감은 저위전방절제증후군과 증상척도 삶의 질 간의 관계에서 부분매개 효과를 나타내므로 증상척도 삶의 질 향상을 위해서는 저위전방절제증후군 감소 중재와 불안, 우울, 자기효능감 중재를 동시에 적용할 필요가 있다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 임상에서 저위전방절제증후군을 경험하는 직장암 환자의 삶의 질 향상의 중요한 기초자료가 되길 기대한다.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the degree of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome(LARS) on the quality of life in patients with rectal cancer and to verify the mediating effects of anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy in the relationship between Low Anterior Resection Syndrome and quality of life. Methods : This study included 144 patients who underwent Low Anterior Resection at two university hospitals located in D Metropolitan in Korea. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS/WIN 28.0, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and 3-step mediation regression analysis. Sobel test was used to verify the mediation effect of anxiety, depression, self-efficacy. Results : Low Anterior Resection Syndrome in patients with rectal cancer had an average of 10.02 points (29.2%) for No Low Anterior Resection Syndrome, 25.96 points (18.7%) for Minor Low Anterior Resection Syndrome, and 36.61 points (52.1%) for Major Low Anterior Resection Syndrome. Low Anterior Resection Syndrome was associated with age (F=3.38 p=.026), preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy (t=2.10 p=.038), presence of a temporary ileostomy (t=2.52 p=.013), and from the anal margin. There was a significant difference in tumor location (AV) (F=3.49 p=.017). Low Anterior Resection Syndrome was associated with anxiety (r=.252 p=.002), General Health quality of life (r=-.528 p<.001), and Functional quality of life (r=-.780 p<.001). There was a negative correlation, and a significant positive correlation with the Symptom quality of life (r=.638 p<.001). In the relationship between Low Anterior Resection Syndrome and General Health quality of life, anxiety (Z=-2.813 p=.004), depression (Z=-2.640 p=.008), and self-efficacy (Z=-2.512 p=.012) were significant. It was found to full mediate. Additionally, in the relationship between Low Anterior Resection Syndrome and Functional quality of life, anxiety (Z=-3.050 p=.002), depression (Z=-2.760 p=.006), and self-efficacy (Z=-2.411 p=.016) was found to be fully mediated. In the relationship between Low Anterior Resection Syndrome and Symptom quality of life, anxiety (Z=2.951 p=.003), depression (Z=2.723 p=.006), and self-efficacy (Z=2.385 p=.017) partially mediated the relationship. Conclusion : The results of this study show that anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy have a complete mediating effect in the relationship between Low Anterior Resection Syndrome and General Health quality of life and Functional quality of life, so clinical interventions to reduce Low Anterior Resection Syndrome in patients can be effective. Considering the difficulties, it can be very effective to provide intensive interventions to reduce anxiety and depression and improve self-efficacy as a strategy to improve patients' General Health quality of life and Functional quality of life. In addition, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy show a partial mediating effect in the relationship between Low Anterior Resection Syndrome and Symptom quality of life, so to improve Symptom quality of life, Low Anterior Resection Syndrome reduction intervention and anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy intervention are recommended. They need to be applied simultaneously. Based on these results, we hope that they will serve as important basic data for improving the quality of life of rectal cancer patients who experience Low Anterior Resection Syndrome in clinical practice.
Alternative Title
Effect on Quality of Life According to the Degree of Low Anterior Resection Syndrome in Rectal Cancer Patients Focusing on the Mediating Effects of Anxiety, Depression Self-Efficacy
Awarded Date
2024-02
Degree
석사
Type
Thesis
Source
http://www.dcollection.net/handler/kmu/000000121294
URI
https://kumel.medlib.dsmc.or.kr/handle/2015.oak/45621
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2. College of Nursing (간호대학) > 석사
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